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Anticancer potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines

1, 2, 3, 4, 1★★ Corresponding author

  1. 1Departments of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
  2. 2Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3Laboratory of Cell Culture and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
  3. 3Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy
  4. 4Laboratory of Cell Culture and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia, 4Medical Nutrition

CORRESPONDENCE

Rizky Abdulah

Departments of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy

abdulahrizky@gmail.com

Volume 6, Issue 4 · pp. 350-354 · 2014 · DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.138291

ABSTRACT

The common treatment for cancer is unfavorable because it causes many detrimental side effects, and lately, there has been a growing resistance toward anticancer drugs, which worsens the future of cancer treatment. Therefore, the focus has now shifted toward natural products, such as spices and plants, among many others, to save the future of cancer treatment. Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) are spices with the highest antioxidant content among natural products. Besides acting as an antioxidant, cloves also possess many other functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiseptic, which makes them an ideal natural source to be developed as an anticancer agent. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of cloves toward MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Different concentrations of water extract, ethanol extract, and essential oil of cloves were investigated for their anticancer potential in vitro through a brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and an MTT assay. In both BSLT and MTT assays, the essential oil showed the highest cytotoxic effect, followed by ethanol and water extract. The LD50 concentration of essential oil in the 24 hours BSLT was 37 mg/mL. Furthermore, the IC50 values in the 24 hours and 48 hours MTT assays of the essential oil were 36.43 mg/ mL and 17.6 mg/mL, respectively. Cloves are natural products with excellent cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 cells; thus, they are promising sources for the development of anticancer agents.

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    Kumar, P. S., Febriyanti, R. M., Sofyan, F. F., Luftimas, D. E., & Abdulah, R. (2014). Anticancer potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Pharmacognosy Research, 6(4), 350-354. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.138291

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    © 2014 Author(s)

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0