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Antioxidant, Anti‑inflammatory, Analgesic Properties, and Phytochemical Characterization of Stem Bark Extract and Fractions of Anthocleista nobilis

1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 4

  1. 1Departments of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, NIGERIA.
  2. 2Pharmacology and Toxicology and, NIGERIA.
  3. 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, NIGERIA.
  4. 4Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NIGERIA.

CORRESPONDENCE

Kenneth Gerald Ngwoke

Departments of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, NIGERIA.

kg.ngwoke@unizik.edu.ng

Volume 10, Issue 1 · pp. 81-87 · 2018 · DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_73_17

ABSTRACT

Background: Anthocleista nobilis (Loganiaceae) is used by Mbano people of Imo State, Nigeria, for the treatment of various ailments.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, and analgesic properties of the methanol extract, fractions, and subfractions of A. nobilis.Materials and Methods: The powdered stem bark was extracted with methanol and sequentially fractionated into n‑hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. The constituents of the fractions were analyzed using high‑pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the components were identified by dereplication. Antioxidant potential of the extracts and fractions was investigated using 2,2‑diphenyl‑1‑picrylhydrazyl free‑radical scavenging method. Anti‑inflammatory and analgesic activities of the extract and fractions were also investigated using xylene‑induced inflammation and acetic acid‑induced writhing models, respectively.Results: A total of five compounds isovitexin (Rt = 18.77 min), isovitexin‑2’’‑O‑xyl (Rt = 19.68 min), p‑Hydroxybenzoic acid (Rt = 11.88 min), Sarasinoside L (Rt = 19.64 min), isovitexin (Rt = 18.77), and apigenin monoglycoside (Rt = 19.64 min) were identified by HPLC analysis and dereplication. The ethyl acetate fraction and subfraction elicited the best anti‑inflammatory activity. The ethyl acetate subfraction also inhibited acetic acid‑induced pain by 79% and 85.0% at the doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively, which was better than 71.1% and 81.3% observed for diclofenac at similar doses.Conclusion: A. nobilis could be a potential source of anti‑inflammatory and analgesic lead compounds.

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    Ngwoke, K. G., Akwagbulam, A. G., Erhirhie, E. O., Ajaghaku, D. L., Okoye, F. B. C., & Esimone, C. O. (2018). Antioxidant, Anti‑inflammatory, Analgesic Properties, and Phytochemical Characterization of Stem Bark Extract and Fractions of Anthocleista nobilis. Pharmacognosy Research, 10(1), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.4103/pr.pr_73_17

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    © 2018 Author(s)

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0